Mr. Cooper, the CEO of CozyWalk Co., receives a report of daily sales every day since the company has been established. Starting from
the second day since its establishment, on receiving the report, he compares it with each of the previous reports in order to calculate
the number of previous days whose sales amounts are less than or equal to it. After obtaining the number of such days, he writes it in
a list.
This problem can be stated more formally as follows. Let
A = (a1, a2,..., an) denote the list of daily sales amounts.
And let
B = (b1, b2,..., bn-1) be another integer list maintained by Mr. Cooper, each value representing the number of such
previous days. On the i-th day (2 <= i <= n)
, he calculates bi-1, the number of ak's such that ak <= ai(1 <= k < i).
For example, suppose that
A = (20, 43, 57, 43, 20). For the fourth day's sales amount, a4 = 43, the number of previous days
whose sales amounts are less than or equal to it is 2 since
a1 <= a4,
a2 <= a4, and a3 > a4. Therefore, b3 = 2. Similarly,
b1, b2, and b4 can be obtained and it results in B = (1, 2, 2, 1).
Given an array of size n for the list of daily sales amounts,
write a program that prints the sum of the n - 1 integers in the list B.
Your program is to read the input from standard input. The input consists of T test cases. The number of test cases T is given in the first line of the input. Each test case starts with a line containing an integer n ( 2 <= n < 1,000), which represents the size of the list A . In the following line, n integers are given, each represents the daily sales amounts ai ( 1 <= ai <= 5,000 and 1 <= i <= n) for the test case.
Your program is to write to standard output. For each test case, print the sum of the n-1 integers in the list B which is obtained from the list A.
The following shows sample input and output for two test cases.
2 5 38 111 102 111 177 8 276 284 103 439 452 276 452 398
9 20
Migrated from old NTUJ.
ACM ICPC 2010 Daejeon regional
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