LMY and YY are geometry lovers. They enjoy challenging each other with interesting geometry problems. One day, LMY puts a circle and a triangle on a plane. Then YY moves them. They find that the overlapping area of the circle and the triangle varies as the relative position between the two changes. LMY and YY want to find out the largest common area.
Input consists of one or more lines. For each line, there are four integers describing one test case: the lengths of three sides of a triangle a, b, c; and the radius of a circle r; where 1≤a≤b≤c≤100, 1≤r≤100, and a+b>c.
End of input is indicated by a line consisting four zeros.
For each test case, output a single line showing the largest overlapping area of the circle and the triangle. The precision should be 10-2.
3 4 5 1 5 5 8 4 0 0 0 0
3.14 12.00
Migrated from old NTUJ.
2009 Shanghai Invitation Contest Host by DHU
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